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2019年江苏高考英语试卷答案解析及点评（WORD文字版）

更新：2023-09-14 09:55:23 高考升学网

英语试题

　　第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)

　　做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

　　第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)

　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

　　例:Howmuchistheshirt?

　　A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

　　答案是C。

　　1.Whattimeisitnow?

　　A.9：10.B.9：50.C.10：00.

　　2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?

　　A.It’snice.B.It’swarm.C.It’scold.

　　3.Whatwillthemando?

　　A.Attendameeting.B.Givealecture.C.Leavehisoffice.

　　4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?

　　A.Toohard.B.Worthtaking.C.Veryeasy.

　　5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

　　A.Speaklouder.B.Apologizetoher.C.Turnofftheradio.

　　第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

　　听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

　　6.HowlongdidMichaelstayinChina?

　　A.Fivedays.B.Oneweek.C.Twoweeks.

　　7.WheredidMichaelgolastyear?

　　A.Russia.B.Norway.C.India.

　　听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

　　8.WhatfooddoesSallylike?

　　A.Chicken.B.Fish.C.Eggs.

　　9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?

　　A.Cookdinner.B.Goshopping.C.Orderdishes.

　　听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

　　10.Wherearethespeakers?

　　A.Inahospital.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.

　　11.Whenisthereportdue?

　　A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.

　　12.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedowiththereport?

　　A.Improveit.B.Handitinlater.C.Leaveitwithhim.

　　听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

　　13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

　　A.Salespersonandcustomer.B.Homeownerandcleaner.C.Husbandandwife.

　　14.WhatkindofapartmentdothespeakersPfer?

　　A.Onewithtwobedrooms.B.Onewithoutfurniture.C.Onenearamarket.

　　15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheonebedroomapartment?

　　A.$350.B.$400.C.$415.

　　16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?

　　A.OnLakeStreet.B.OnMarketStreet.C.OnSouthStreet.

　　听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

　　17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportsgotoBritain?

　　A.Almost15%.B.About30%.C.Over40%.

　　18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?

　　A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.

　　B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.C.Teawithmilkishealthy.

　　19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?

　　A.Teatasters.B.Teaexporters.C.Teacompanies.

　　20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?

　　A.Thelifeofteatasters.B.AfternoonteainBritain.C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.

　　第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)

　　第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

　　请阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.

　　A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever

　　答案是B。

　　21.Thenumberofsmokers,_____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.

　　A.itB.whichC.whatD.as

　　22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereinpidualsareencouragedto_____totheirgreatest

　　potential.

　　A.accelerateB.improveC.performD.develop

　　23.?Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?

　　?________?I’vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.

　　A.WhymeB.WhynotC.WhatifD.Sowhat

　　24.Muchtime_____sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.

　　A.beingspentB.havingspentC.spentD.spending

　　25._____LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’tacceptit.

　　A.ThatB.WhyC.WhereD.How

　　26.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.

　　A.ifB.unlessC.onceD.when

　　27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramsto_____thecountry’sSilkRoad

　　EconomicBelt.

　　A.applytoB.caterforC.appealtoD.huntfor

　　28.Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble______theschedule.

　　A.didIknowB.haveIknownC.doIknowD.hadIknown

　　29.Thewholeteam_____CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.

　　A.waitonB.focusonC.countonD.callon

　　30.Therealreasonwhyprices____,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussion

　　cansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.

　　A.WereB.willbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen

　　31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.

　　A.comPhensiveB.complicatedC.ConsciousD.crucial

　　32.Someschoolswillhavetomake______inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.

　　A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements

　　33.?Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?

　　?Well,youknowhe’s_______.

　　A.anearlybirdB.awetblanketC.aluckydogD.atoughnut

　　34.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound_______ThomasEdison.

　　A.thankstoB.regardlessofC.asidefromD.butfor

　　35.?GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.

　　?I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy______.

　　A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets

　　第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)

　　请阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional36andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso37tomeandhadsuchabig38onhowIsawlifefromthenon.WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto39myowncancerexperience?

　　I’manambitious40,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化疗),eventhoughI’mavery41person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe42.Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor43,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.It46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewas47apublishedauthor,andhewascurrently48onanewbook.

　　Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)50ofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa51onmyface.Heunfortunately52lastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeepimPssiononmeandgavemethe54topickupmypenagain.I55tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”

　　36.A.tastesB.ideasC.notesD.memories

　　37.A.amazingB.shockingC.amusingD.strange

　　38.A.strikeB.pushC.challengeD.impact

　　39.A.learnfromB.gooverC.getthroughD.referto

　　40.A.readerB.writerC.editorD.doctor

　　41.A.positiveB.agreeableC.humorousD.honest

　　42.A.moodB.positionC.stateD.way

　　43.A.adviceB.referenceC.protectionD.treatment

　　44.A.viewedB.knewC.noticedD.wondered

　　45.A.whileB.becauseC.althoughD.providing

　　46.A.cameoutB.workedoutC.provedoutD.turnedout

　　47.A.naturallyB.merelyC.hopefullyD.actually

　　48.A.decidingB.investingC.workingD.relying

　　49.A.becameB.helpedC.missedD.visited

　　50.A.patientB.operatorC.fanD.publisher

　　51.A.signB.smileC.markD.mask

　　52.A.showedupB.setoffC.felldownD.passedaway

　　53.A.sinceB.butC.soD.for

　　54.A.guidanceB.trustC.opportunityD.inspiration

　　55.A.promisedB.sworeC.thoughtD.replied

　　第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

　　请阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答

　　题卡上将该项涂黑.

　　56.AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact_______.

　　A.withcareandrespectB.withreliefandpleasure

　　C.withcautionandcalmnessD.withattentionandobservation

　　57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?

　　A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.

　　B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.

　　C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.

　　D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.

　　IntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.

　　Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrePsentedbyPciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontototalwaste,theconcentration(含量)ofgoldandotherPciousmetalswashigherinSo-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.

　　Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.

　　Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging(包装)itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.

　　TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts?aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste?allresultingreenhousegasrelease.”Inpidualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteatthestart?forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.

　　Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive(动机)forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?

　　Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap(气泡垫)thatencasedyourtelevision?

　　Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.

　　58.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat_________.

　　A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmall

　　B.E-wastedeservestobemadegooduseof

　　C.naturalmineralscontainmorePciousmetals

　　D.thepercentageofPciousmetalsisheavyine-waste

　　59.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended_________.

　　A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducers

　　C.frominpidualstodistributorsD.fromdistributorstogovernments

　　60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

　　A.Theincreaseine-waste.B.Thecreationofe-waste.

　　C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.D.Themanagementofe-waste.

　　Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.

　　Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexPsspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.

　　Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.

　　Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldPparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.

　　Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedoninpidualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相关)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceaninpidualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.

　　61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof______.

　　A.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectations

　　C.financialrewardsD.internalneeds

　　62.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?

　　A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B.VolunteersshouldgetmentallyPpared.

　　C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.

　　63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?

　　A.Inpidualdifferencesinroleidentity.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.

　　C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.

　　64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

　　A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviors

　　C.HowtoKeepVolunteers’InterestD.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities

　　FreedomandResponsibility

　　Freedom’schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.

　　Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.

　　InGreece,inAthens(雅典),alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.

　　Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian爷sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidher

　　citizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.

　　Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility;shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.

　　But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent”,Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedomforever,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“Thecapacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”NodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhismind,butoncemanhasagreatandgoodidea,itisnevercompletelylost.TheDigitalAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatman’sthoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoactiononlysurethatitwilldososometime.

　　65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?

　　A.Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.B.Powerfulstateswithhighercivilization.

　　C.Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.D.Governmentsruledwithabsolutepower.

　　66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho________.

　　A.regardtheirlifeastheirownbusinessB.seekgainsastheirprimaryobject

　　C.behavewithinthelawsandvaluesystemsD.treatotherswithkindnessandpity

　　67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?

　　A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.

　　B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.

　　C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.

　　D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.

　　68.Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.”inParagraph5mean?

　　A.Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.

　　B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.

　　C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.

　　D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-dependence.

　　69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?

　　A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.

　　B.Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.

　　C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreekcivilization.

　　D.Theauthorisproudofman’scapacity.

　　70.Whatistheauthor’sunderstandingoffreedom?

　　A.Freedomcanbemorepopularinthedigitalage.

　　B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.

　　C.Freedomshouldhavepriorityoverresponsibility.

　　D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.

　　第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

　　请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

　　注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

　　Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.Oneis

　　relatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.

　　Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.

　　Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsof

　　crimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayed

　　rewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,

　　education,andhealth.

　　Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperience

　　withoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder,shakehis

　　headsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laugh

　　understandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.

　　Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereaderto

　　tolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance?as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”ItisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandPpared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.

　　Foranyinpidual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,a

　　sociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.A

　　coachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.A

　　politicianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalsothe

　　delayedrewardofinformationandPparedness.Therefore,whilethepisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,aninpidual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,or

　　pidetheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.

81.请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章.　　第五部分:书面表达(满分25分)

　　[写作内容]

　　1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;

　　2.结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因;

　　3.根据你的分析,从社会规范(rulesandregulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不

　　少于两点)。

　　[写作要求]

　　1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

　　3.不必写标题。

　　[评分标准]

　　内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。